Intensive Eye Care Serum

Ingredient-Specific Benefits

1. Cucumber Hydrosol:
   • Benefits: Hydrates and soothes the eye area, reducing irritation and redness. Contains cucurbitacins and flavonoids with mild anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, alleviating puffiness and calming sensitive skin. Its cooling effect enhances comfort, minimizing discomfort from dryness or fatigue.
   • Evidence: Cosmetic data (Cosmetics & Toiletries, 2019) confirm cucumber hydrosol’s soothing and hydrating effects in skin care, particularly for sensitive areas like the eyes, reducing puffiness in anecdotal reports.
   • Contribution: Primary base, ensures a lightweight, refreshing texture, and calms the eye area for optimal active delivery.
     
     
2. Distilled Water:
   • Benefits: Acts as a solvent, ensuring solubility of water-based actives (peptides, niacinamide, extracts) and maintaining a fluid, non-greasy consistency for gentle eye application.
   • Evidence: Standard in cosmetic formulations for inert, safe dilution.
   • Contribution: Balances viscosity and supports uniform active dispersion.
     
     
3. Dipeptide-2 (5%):
   • Benefits: A peptide (Val-Trp) that reduces under-eye puffiness by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), improving lymphatic drainage and microcirculation. Decreases fluid retention and inflammation, visibly de-puffing the eye area. Enhances blood flow, potentially reducing dark circles caused by poor circulation.
   • Evidence: Manufacturer data (Sederma, 2018) show Dipeptide-2 reduced eye bag volume by 20% after 4 weeks in clinical trials at 1–5%. Cosmetic studies support its circulation benefits for eye care serums.
   • Contribution: Key active for de-puffing and brightening, targeting eye bags and dark circles.
     
     
4. Tripeptide-1 (3%):
   • Benefits: A peptide (Gly-His-Lys) that stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, improving skin firmness and elasticity around the eyes. Reduces fine lines and wrinkles by supporting extracellular matrix (ECM) repair. Promotes skin regeneration, counteracting thinning skin in the eye area.
   • Evidence: A 2016 study (Journal of Cosmetic Science) found Tripeptide-1 increased collagen production by 30% in skin models at 1–3%. Eye serums with Tripeptide-1 (e.g., Kolmar Korea) reduced wrinkle depth by 15% after 8 weeks.
   • Contribution: Enhances skin structure, reducing signs of aging like fine lines and sagging.
     
     
5. Caffeine:
   • Benefits: Stimulates microcirculation, reducing under-eye puffiness by constricting blood vessels and improving lymphatic drainage. Its antioxidant properties protect against oxidative stress, minimizing dark circle appearance. May reduce inflammation, soothing the eye area.
   • Evidence: A 2015 study (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology) showed 1–2% caffeine reduced eye puffiness by 25% after 4 weeks, with improved dark circles in 60% of subjects. Widely used in eye creams for vasoconstrictive effects.
   • Contribution: Complements Dipeptide-2 to de-puff and brighten, targeting vascular dark circles.
     
     
6. Niacinamide:
   • Benefits: Reduces inflammation by inhibiting IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, soothing redness and irritation in the eye area. Brightens skin by inhibiting melanin transfer, fading hyperpigmentation-related dark circles. Strengthens the skin barrier, improving hydration and resilience.
   • Evidence: A 2013 study (Dermatologic Surgery) found 2% niacinamide reduced periorbital hyperpigmentation by 35% after 8 weeks. A 2021 study (International Journal of Cosmetic Science) confirmed its anti-inflammatory and barrier-enhancing effects at 2–5%.
   • Contribution: Brightens dark circles, calms irritation, and supports skin health.
     
     
7. Low MW Sodium Hyaluronate:
   • Benefits: Deeply hydrates the eye area, plumping skin to reduce fine lines and dryness. Its ultra-low molecular weight ensures penetration, enhancing moisture retention and active delivery (e.g., peptides, caffeine). Improves skin elasticity, counteracting crepiness.
   • Evidence: A 2019 study (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology) showed low MW hyaluronic acid (10–50 kDa) increased skin hydration by 40% and reduced wrinkle depth by 18% after 4 weeks, ideal for eye serums.
   • Contribution: Hydrates and enhances active efficacy, smoothing the eye area.
     
     
8. Resveratrol:
   • Benefits: A potent antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals, protecting the eye area from UV and environmental damage. Reduces inflammation, calming redness and puffiness. May stimulate collagen production, minimizing fine lines.
   • Evidence: A 2017 study (Journal of Drugs in Dermatology) found 0.5% resveratrol reduced oxidative stress and improved skin firmness in eye creams after 6 weeks. Its anti-inflammatory effects are documented in skin models.
   • Contribution: Protects and firms skin, supporting anti-aging and brightening.
     
     
9. Licorice Root Extract:
   • Benefits: Contains glabridin and glycyrrhizin, which inhibit tyrosinase to reduce hyperpigmentation, brightening dark circles. Its anti-inflammatory properties soothe irritation, reducing redness and puffiness. Antioxidant effects protect against environmental stress.
   • Evidence: A 2016 study (Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology) showed 1% licorice extract reduced under-eye hyperpigmentation by 28% after 8 weeks. Widely used in eye serums for brightening.
   • Contribution: Enhances niacinamide’s brightening, calms irritation, and protects skin.
     
     
10. Aloe Vera Extract 200-1:
    • Benefits: Soothes and hydrates the eye area, reducing irritation and redness. Its polysaccharides and enzymes (e.g., aloin) have anti-inflammatory properties, alleviating puffiness. Supports skin repair, minimizing dryness and flaking.
    • Evidence: A 2016 study (Journal of Dermatological Treatment) found aloe vera reduced inflammation in sensitive skin by 30% at 1–2%, with eye cream applications confirming soothing effects.
    • Contribution: Calms and hydrates, ensuring comfort for sensitive eye skin.
      
      
11. Glycerin:
    • Benefits: A humectant that attracts moisture, hydrating the eye area to reduce dryness and fine lines. Enhances skin smoothness, improving serum texture and comfort. Supports barrier function, protecting against irritation.
    • Evidence: Cosmetic data (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018) show 2–5% glycerin increased skin hydration by 25% after 2 weeks, standard in eye serums.
    • Contribution: Boosts hydration, complementing hyaluronate and aloe vera.
      
      
12. Leucidal SF Max:
    • Benefits: A natural preservative derived from fermented Lactobacillus, prevents microbial contamination, ensuring product safety for daily eye use. Its mild antimicrobial properties support skin health without irritation.
    • Evidence: Manufacturer data (Active Micro Technologies, 2020) confirm efficacy at 2–4% in aqueous systems, safe for sensitive areas like the eyes.
    • Contribution: Ensures shelf life (12–18 months) and safety, aligning with clean beauty.